Original Language
English
ISBN (PDF)
123-45-0000-00-0
Number of Pages
206
Reference Number
PUB2021/189/R
Date of upload

20 Jan 2022

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Socioeconomic Impact of COVID-19 on Migrant Workers in Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar and Thailand

The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically impacted labour conditions and labour migration across Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar and Thailand. This study assesses the socioeconomic impact of COVID-19 on men and women migrant workers and their families in Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar and Thailand to inform a migrant-centred approach to socioeconomic recovery from the pandemic with evidence-based recommendations. The research applied a mixed-methods approach including a quantitative survey with a total of 2,187 migrants, 156 employers, and 63 key informant interviews. 
 

  • FOREWORD
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
  • ACRONYMS
  • RESEARCH TERMS AND CONCEPTS
  • Snapshot: Key Findings and Recommendations
  • Key Findings
  • Conclusions
  • Recommendations
  • I. INTRODUCTION
    • 1.1 Background on IOM PROMISE and the Displacement Tracking Matrix
    • 1.2 Timeline of COVID-19 in Thailand
    • 1.3 Research Objectives and Rationale
    • 1.4 Report Structure
  • II. METHODOLOGY
    • 2.1 Analytical Framework and Research Questions
    • 2.2 Overview of Data Collection Methods
    • 2.3 Description of Data Collection Methods
      • 2.3.1 Literature Review
      • 2.3.2 Quantitative Methods
      • 2.3.3 Qualitative Methods
    • 2.4 Limitations and Analytical Considerations
  • III. DEMOGRAPHIC BREAKDOWN OF RESPONDENTS
  • IV. FINDINGS: OVERVIEW OF IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MIGRANT WORKERS AND RETURNEES IN CAMBODIA, LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC, MYANMAR AND THAILAND
    • 4.1 Remain, Return or Remigrate | Decision-making Factors
      • 4.1.1 Stayees
      • 4.1.2 Returnees to Cambodia and Lao People’s Democratic Republic
      • 4.1.3 Remigration
    • 4.2 Economic Impact of COVID-19 on Migrant Workers
      • 4.2.1 Jobs and Employment Status
      • 4.2.2 Income and Wages
      • 4.2.3 Debt
      • 4.2.4 Remittances to Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar and Thailand
    • 4.3 Increased Vulnerability and Increased Risks Associated with COVID-19
  • V. FINDINGS: IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON STAYEES
    • 5.1 Socioeconomic Impact of COVID-19
      • 5.1.1 Harassment, Movement Restrictions and Discrimination in Thailand
      • 5.1.2 Access to social protection
      • 5.1.3. Access to health care
      • 5.2 Impact on Migration Status
      • 5.2.1 Migration Status Prior to COVID-19
      • 5.2.2 Impact of COVID-19 on Migration Status
    • 5.3 Economic Impact of COVID-19 on Stayees
      • 5.3.1 Employment Status, Income and Sectors of Work prior to COVID-19
      • 5.3.2 Impact of COVID-19 on Jobs and Employment Status
      • 5.3.3 Changes to Wages, Income and Working Hours
      • 5.3.4 COVID-19 Workplace Policies, Access to Information
      • 5.3.5 Debt and Remittances
      • 5.3.6 Skills Development
    • 5.4 Increased Vulnerability and Risks Associated with COVID-19
  • VI. FINDINGS: IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON RETURNEES FROM THAILAND TO CAMBODIA AND LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
    • 6.1 Impact on Migration Status
      • 6.1.1 Migration Status in Thailand prior to COVID-19
      • 6.1.2 Decision to Return and Challenges of Reintegrating During COVID-19
      • 6.1.3 Remigration to Thailand
    • 6.2 Economic Impact of COVID-19
      • 6.2.1 Employment Profile in Thailand prior to COVID-19
      • 6.2.2 Jobs and Employment Status during COVID-19
      • 6.2.3 Jobs and Employment upon Return
      • 6.2.4 Debt and Remittances
      • 6.2.5 Skills Development
    • 6.3 Increased Vulnerabilities and Risks Associated with COVID-19
  • VII. CONCLUSIONS
  • VIII. RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
  • APPENDIX I
  • APPENDIX II
  • APPENDIX III