Mozambique frequently experiences humanitarian emergencies including drought, floods, cyclones, conflict and disease epidemics, among others. This scoping paper on the national HIV response in emergency settings in Mozambique, which was conducted in 2017, concludes that there is a lack of adequate preparedness and coordination among government departments, other stakeholders and the United Nations humanitarian cluster system in the country to respond to the needs and challenges of preventing and managing HIV infection in disaster-affected populations. A number of recommendations emerged from this review to address the gaps in the response.