After Assisted Return from Germany: A Study on Long-term Reintegration

Original Language
English
ISBN (PDF)
978-92-9268-826-4
Number of Pages
125
Reference Number
PUB2023/075/EL
Date of Publication

16 mai 2024

After Assisted Return from Germany: A Study on Long-term Reintegration

In a large research study, the Research Centre of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) and IOM joined forces to assess the return and reintegration experiences of almost 1,000 returnees who received assistance from the StarthilfePlus programme. The research looks at reintegration processes at the individual level across three dimensions of reintegration: structural, economic and psychosocial. Within this framework, the research examines how the reintegration process of returnees is shaped over time, what challenges remain in their longer-term reintegration, and addresses the remigration intentions of returnees. It furthermore examines the impact of reintegration assistance of the StarthilfePlus programme, approximately three years after return. 

To gain these comprehensive insights into the returnees’ longer-term reintegration experiences, two successive surveys were conducted with returnees in nine countries. The first survey took place approximately eight months, and the second survey around three years after their return. Additionally, 20 women who have been living in the country of return for an average of three years described their reintegration experiences in qualitative interviews. 

  • List of figures, tables and text boxes 
  • List of acronyms and abbreviations 
  • Executive summary 
  • 1 Introduction 
  • 2 The federal programme StarthilfePlus 
    • 2.1. Assistance programmes for voluntary return and reintegration 
    • 2.2. The StarthilfePlus programme over time 
  • 3 Research design 
    • 3.1. First survey
    • 3.2. Second survey 
    • 3.3. Selectivity and empirical relevance of the StarthilfePlus Study II 
  • 4 Profiles of the respondents 
    • 4.1. Sex and age 
    • 4.2. Place of residence and mobility 
    • 4.3. Marital status, household size and children 
    • 4.4. Migration context 
  • 5 Structural reintegration 
    • 5.1. Sense of security 
    • 5.2. Reliance on police and justice 
    • 5.3. Access to public services and education 
    • 5.4. Health care 
    • 5.5. Housing situation
  • 6 Economic reintegration 
    • 6.1. Income situation of respondents 
    • 6.2. Making ends meet 
    • 6.3. Access to credits and frequency of money lending 
    • 6.4. The economic situation during the COVID-19 pandemic 
    • 6.5. Satisfaction with one’s personal economic situation 
  • 7 Psychosocial reintegration 
    • 7.1. Satisfaction with relationships with family and friends 
    • 7.2. Satisfaction with relationships in the neighbourhood 
    • 7.3. Social participation
    • 7.4. Sense of community belonging 
    • 7.5. Experiences of discrimination 
    • 7.6. Need for psychological support
  • 8 Reintegration from the perspective of women 
    • 8.1. Economic participation 
    • 8.2. Medical care 
    • 8.3. Social inclusion 
  • 9 Reintegration index: Multidimensional analysis of reintegration 
    • 9.1. Reintegration over time: The five-indicator index 
    • 9.2. The extended reintegration index 
  • 10 Use of financial assistance and further assistance needs 
    • 10.1. Reintegration assistance 
    • 10.2. Use and importance of StarthilfePlus assistance 
    • 10.3. Satisfaction with the assistance provided by StarthilfePlus 
    • 10.4. Use of further reintegration assistance programmes 
    • 10.5. Further assistance needs 
  • 11 Onward migration considerations 
    • 11.1. Onward migration: Considerations, intentions and preparations 
    • 11.2. Reasons for onward migration 
    • 11.3. Reasons for postponing migration 
    • 11.4. Motives for staying at the place of return 
  • 12 Key findings 
  • Annex 
  • References