Compendium of Practices to the Capacity‑building Manual on Establishment and Implementation of a Migrant Welfare Programme by African Countries

Original Language
English
ISBN (PDF)
978-92-9268-793-9
Number of Pages
112
Reference Number
PUB2023/066/L
Date of upload

04 Abr 2024

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Compendium of Practices to the Capacity‑building Manual on Establishment and Implementation of a Migrant Welfare Programme by African Countries

This Compendium contains examples representing good practices, in particular country-of-origin (CoO) practices in relation to social protection and welfare measures adopted by CoOs to support their migrant workers abroad and their family members. As such, the Compendium is informed by and expands on selective themes raised in the Capacity-Building Manual on the Establishment and Implementation of a Migrant Welfare Programme by African Countries. Resources used are indicated per Module description. 

The methodology employed in designing the Compendium comprehends an analysis of and extraction (including at time quotations) from relevant primary and secondary source materials, relating to key themes discussed in the Manual. This is accompanied by a brief contextual write-up, which, to the extent necessary, recaps in brief applicable information contained in the Manual, to help clarify the context of extracted and/or quoted materials.   

  • Acronyms and abbreviations
  • Scope and purposes of compendium 
  • MODULE A
    • Introduction: Conceptual framework and labour migration trends and characteristics
      • 1. Conceptual framework (Manual, par I.4)
        • 1.1. Social protection, social security and national social protection floors (Manual, par I.4.1)
          • 1.1.1. Social protection
          • 1.1.2. Social insurance and social assistance
          • 1.1.3. The value and importance of a multi-tiered/multi-pillared social security regime
        • 1.2. Migrant welfare programme, labour migration and migrant worker (Manual, par I.4.2)
          • 1.2.1. Labour migration and labour mobility
          • 1.2.2. Temporary migrant worker and temporary labour migration
      • Key resources
  • MODULE B
    • Access to social protection and welfare support: Legal and factual considerations
      • 1. Challenges/barriers faced by African migrant workers, including informal economy workers, in accessing social protection and welfare support (Manual, par II.4)
        • 1.1. Adjusted legal and policy framework in GCC countries provide some measure of social protection for certain migrant workers 
        • 1.2. Low social protection coverage in Africa 
      • 2. Exposure to exploitation and maltreatment (Manual, par II.5)
        • 2.1. The Kafala sponsorship system 
      • 3. Country-of-destination (CoD) obligations in relation to migrant workers: global and regional normative approaches (Manual, par II.6)
        • 3.1. Beyond the principle of reciprocity – a human rights approach to extending social protection to migrants and migrant workers
        • 3.2. African Union instrument emphasizing the extension of social protection to migrant workers and their families
        • 3.3. Regularization of undocumented migrants – a pathway to improved social protection outcomes, including contributory social security
      • 4. Bilateral and multilateral arrangements: value and constraints (Manual, par II.7)
        • 4.1. Bilateral labour agreements (BLAs) and bilateral labour migration agreements/ arrangements (BLMAs)
          • 4.1.1. General overview: scope and content of African BLAs
          • 4.1.2. United Nations Guidance on Bilateral Labour Migration Agreements (2022)
          • 4.1.3. African Union Guidelines on Developing Bilateral Labour Agreements (2022)
          • 4.1.4. African and other BL(M)As/MOUs containing social protection arrangements: an overview
          • 4.1.5. African BL(M)As/MOUs containing social protection arrangements
          • 4.1.6. Latin American BL(M)As/MOUs containing social protection arrangements
          • 4.1.7. Asian BL(M)As/MOUs containing social protection arrangements
          • 4.1.8. GCC countries’ BL(M)As/MOUs containing social protection arrangements
        • 4.2. Bilateral social security agreements (BSAs)
          • 4.2.1. Examples of BSAs involving African countries
          • 4.2.2. Examples of BSAs involving Asian countries
          • 4.2.3. Examples of BSAs involving European countries
          • 4.2.4. Examples of BSAs involving Latin America countries
          • 4.2.5. The need to strengthen capacity and understanding of negotiating social security agreements
        • 4.3. Multilateral social security agreements (MSAs)
      • Key resources
  • MODULE C
    • Guiding principles
      • 1. Social protection as a human right (Manual, par III.4)
      • 2. Key policy considerations (Manual, par III.5)
      • Key resources
  • MODULE D 
    • Establishment of a migrant welfare programme
      • 1. Description, objectives and operational framework of a Migrant Welfare Programme (MWP) (Manual, par IV.4)
      • 2. Evaluation of MWPs/MWFs: Achievements and challenges (Manual, par IV.5)
      • 3. Need for establishing a MWP (Manual, par IV.6)
      • 4. Design of a MWP and services/benefits to be provided (Manual, par IV.7)
      • 5. Sources of funding, contributions and beneficiaries: specification (Manual, par IV.8)
      • Key resources
  • MODULE E
    • Insurance-based arrangements
      • 1. A dedicated framework required (Manual, par V.4)
      • 2. Range and adequacy of social protection benefits available in country of destination (Manual, par V.5)
        • 2.1. Reliance on informal social protection in CoDs
      • 3. Social protection risks to be provided via insurance-based arrangements (Manual, par V.6)
      • 4. Modalities for extending country-of-origin insurance-based arrangements and ongoing social security benefits (Manual, par V.7) 
        • 4.1. A range of non-exhaustive policy modalities is available
        • 4.2. Dedicated insurance-based arrangements
        • 4.3. Extension of existing public scheme arrangements
        • 4.4. Non-contributory support, including social assistance schemes
        • 4.5. Other arrangements
        • 4.6. CoO unilateral portability
      • 5. Compulsory coverage may strengthen social protection for migrant workers abroad, considering dual coverage challenges (Manual, par V.8)
      • 6. Protection for families of migrant workers abroad, and families staying behind in the country of origin (Manual, par V.10)
      • 7. Social protection arrangements for informal economy migrant workers (Manual, par V.11)
      • Key resources
  • MODULE F
    • Support services
      • 1. Range of services provided by Migrant Welfare Programmes, including people-centred and gender-responsive support services (Manual, par VI.4)
      • 2. Access to health care, including sexual and reproductive health care (Manual, par VI.5)
      • 3. Access to legal services (Manual, par VI.6)
      • 4. Social protection in the light of pandemics (Manual, par VI.7)
        • 4.1. Protection extended by countries of origin during the COVID-19 pandemic
        • 4.2. The need to revisit BLAs to ensure better protection for migrant workers affected by pandemics
      • 5. Repatriation of migrant workers (Manual, par VI.8)
      • 6. Migrant worker orientation (Manual, par VI.9)
      • 7. Return and reintegration of migrant workers (Manual, par VI.10)
      • Key resources
  • MODULE G 
    • Implementation
      • 1. Regulations, institutions and operations (Manual, par VII.4)
        • 1.1. Existence of a policy and legal framework
        • 1.2. Institutional and operational capacity and arrangements
          • 1.2.1. Overview: institutional framework
          • 1.2.2. Institutional arrangements – public institutions
          • 1.2.3. Institutional arrangements – contracting/subsidizing non-State actors
          • 1.2.4. Operational arrangements
      • Key resources