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The protection abuses and human rights violations faced by refugees and migrants along the journey to Libya and within the country are well documented by NGOs, human rights organizations and news outlets. Yet, little is understood about why certain people on the move are exposed to protection… Read More
In this chapter, we investigate the shifting role played by Italian and European security forces, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and the Libyan Coast Guard and Navy (LCGN) in the conduct of search and rescue (SAR) and border enforcement operations in the Central Mediterranean corridor… Read More
This chapter explores the risks that migrants face when crossing the Sahara Desert. While data sources on the experiences of migrants in the Sahara are scarce, this analysis relies on data from IOM and the Mixed Migration Centre. The chapter finds that trans-Saharan migration poses risks, both… Read More
Since the beginning of 2014, IOM’s Missing Migrants Project has recorded the deaths of over 20,000 people in the Mediterranean Sea as they tried to make the dangerous migration journey to Europe. Yet beyond the total numbers of fatalities, other approaches are needed to understand this catastrophic… Read More