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This report was prepared by the National Contact Point Austria in the European Migration Network (EMN), as a contribution to the EMN study "Third-country national victims of trafficking in human beings: detection, identification and protection". The contribution sheds light on the issue of human… Read More
For both policy and cooperation in the area of climate and human mobility, the significant concern remains with creating conditions that enable people to have options to safely stay, to leverage the full potential benefits of dignified migration, and to avert, minimize and address displacement and… Read More
With migration data in the global spotlight thanks to processes such as the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration and others, this report aims to provide a comprehensive picture of how migration data systems work in practice at the national level. IOM’s Global Migration Data… Read More
This publication has been issued without formal editing by IOM.
The country names follow the World Bank Corporate Secretariat convention and may not be in compliance with IOM's convention for country and territory names.
Egypt has been an observer State to IOM since 1974, becoming a full-fledged member in 1991 when IOM established its mission in the country, with its office in Cairo. Soon after entering into an agreement with the Government of Egypt, IOM has established excellent working relations with migration-… Read More
This chapter provides an overview of current trafficking trends and patterns, looking at the available data on migrant victims of human trafficking and traffickers. It explores current challenges and promising avenues for the prevention of trafficking of migrants, including prosecuting traffickers… Read More
International Migration is a refereed bimonthly review of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) on current migration issues as analysed by demographers, economists, and sociologists all over the world. The journal is edited by Koç University and published and distributed by Wiley. The… Read More
This report provides a snapshot of international data across a range of migration topics that are relevant to policymakers, the public and others. This overview of key migration trends is of particular importance due to not only the migration-related aspects of the Sustainable Development Goals and… Read More
International Migration is a refereed bimonthly review of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) on current migration issues as analysed by demographers, economists, and sociologists all over the world. The journal is edited by Carleton University and published and distributed by Wiley… Read More
This report discusses the essential findings and learnings from a collaborative research project with the University of Liverpool, investigating the use of Twitter data to track immigration sentiment during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The qualitative research explores vulnerabilities and risks of exploitation faced by Vietnamese migrant workers during recruitment, employment at destinations, and upon return to Viet Nam.
This chapter examines the challenges that migrants face while travelling within West and Central Africa on those routes intersecting with the Central Mediterranean Routes to Europe, and the risk factors that make them vulnerable. The findings show that the most frequently reported challenges were… Read More
In order to leave no one behind, migrants must be considered across efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Meanwhile, migrants are also key actors in sustainable development. Migrants around the world make vital contributions to help progress the SDGs, whether these focus on… Read More
2020: A Year In Review is a report of the accomplishments of the International Organization for Migration (IOM)'s Mission in Bulgaria attained in a year marked by border closures and public health measures which prompted us all to swiftly reorganize our lives. Migration and the activities of IOM… Read More
This report explores how social norms and stigma can be drivers of vulnerability to trafficking and barriers to the effective reintegration of survivors in West Sumba and Southwest Sumba, Indonesia. It explores the ways in which social pressures and expectations on individuals to migrate heighten… Read More
This report explores how social norms and stigma can be drivers of vulnerability to trafficking and barriers to the effective reintegration of survivors in Ethiopia. Focusing on Jimma and Arsi Zones in Ethiopia, it explores the ways in which social norms and expectations can heighten the risk of… Read More
This publication covers implementation of IOM’s project on rapid assessment of the opportunities for decent employment for youth facing long-term exclusion from the labour market in Kazakhstan and Tajikistan from May–December 2020
People across Peru are vulnerable and exposed to a wide range of hazards, and studies demonstrate that these hazards are key drivers of migration in the country. Hydrometeorological hazards resulting in excessive amounts of water (in such forms as torrential rainfalls and floods) – or the lack… Read More
There is increasing awareness that trafficking in persons (TIP) and humanitarian crises are connected, as crises can exacerbate pre-existing trafficking trends and patterns, or create conditions for new forms of exploitation to proliferate. While evidence of this association exists, collecting data… Read More
IOM’s close collaboration with African Member States builds on African Union landmark policy frameworks that shape continental guidance on governing human mobility in all its dimensions. Following on from the launch of the Pan-African Forum on Migration, IOM’s 2020–2024. Continental Strategy on… Read More
The Africa Migration Report takes a distinctly regional approach to inform knowledge on migration in Africa. This first edition, titled Challenging the Narrative, aims to deconstruct negative perceptions of migration in Africa by addressing contextual realities and bringing to light practical… Read More
The development of this training manual represents a major step towards standardizing the response to trafficking and strengthening protection services for identified victims of trafficking within the Zimbabwean context. Victims of trafficking have various needs, including repatriation, medical,… Read More
This study delves into the prevalence of the trafficking phenomenon in Ghana, its characteristics and the associated push and pull factors. The study aims to build a baseline for evidence‐based prevention and protection action plans. It characterizes the phenomenon qualitatively and quantitatively… Read More
Risk-taking is inherent to migration. Leaving one’s home has inevitably something of venturing into unknown territory. The home one leaves can be inhospitable, yet it is a familiar place. A host country can seem a heaven from afar, yet a newcomer with no full citizenship rights may find it a hard… Read More
This chapter provides an overview of the main vulnerabilities and risks faced by migrants assisted in the IOM transit centres in the Niger en route back to their countries of origin, and of changes to such risks observed over the past three years. These are also presented through migrants’ personal… Read More
This contribution describes how migrant smuggling along the Central Mediterranean Route has transformed in the past half decade. Available data demonstrate that migratory flows along the Route have considerably shrunk in comparison with the levels seen in 2014– 2017. It remains questionable, though… Read More
This chapter examines the interactions between migrants and the facilitators of their journeys. It argues that European Union-centric concerns over irregular migration that attribute smuggling to organized criminal networks alone have led to simplistic views of mobility facilitation processes in… Read More
This chapter investigates whether migrants using different routes to reach Italy have different characteristics and what individual risk factors and aggravating contextual factors are associated with higher or lower vulnerability of migrants to a selected set of experiences of abuse, violence and… Read More
This edited volume provides comprehensive evidence on migration from and within West and North Africa and across the Mediterranean.
It highlights migrants’ agency and contribution to transnational development, as well as the inequalities that shape migration and the risks that migrants are exposed… Read More
The Austrian Annual Policy Report 2019 has been produced within the framework of annual reporting by the national contact points in the European Migration Network. The report outlines the most significant political and legislative developments in Austria in the field of asylum and migration for… Read More
In an effort to strengthen the capacity of law enforcement agencies in Nigeria on gender-based violence and trafficking in persons, the International Organization for Migration in Nigeria previously developed two training guides for the Nigeria Police Force (NPF). As one of a three-part training… Read More
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Nigeria produced two manuals on strengthening law enforcement response to gender-based violence and trafficking in persons in the current humanitarian situation in North-East Nigeria. The manuals were designed based on the recommendations from… Read More
The International Organization for Migration (IOM), in close coordination with the Government of Bangladesh, conducted a stock-taking exercise of the Overseas Employment and Migrants Act (OEMA) of 2013 and the Prevention and Suppression of Human Trafficking Act (PSHT) of 2012. The initiative was… Read More
This inaugural Migration Profile for Nepal presents the most recent census of Nepal on population and housing, which showed that almost 50 per cent of the country’s household had a member who was either working overseas or has returned. Remittances has been a major contributing factor for the… Read More
The practical guidelines contained in this publication provide guidance on how to develop and implement referral mechanisms for the protection and assistance of migrants vulnerable to violence, exploitation and abuse. The objective is to strengthen operational responses and thereby improve… Read More
By adopting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the international community has committed to end child labour by 2025 and forced labour and human trafficking by 2030. According to the latest global estimates, 152 million children are in child labour and 25 million adults and children are in… Read More
This Migration Profile is owned by the Government of Zambia and a living document prepared through a government-led technical working group in consultation with a broad range of stakeholders and with support from the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The Migration Profile is a tool… Read More
The first article, by Andreas Backhaus, Mikkel Barslund and Augusta Nannerini of the Centre for European Policy Studies, discusses the implications of a resolution by the European Parliament in December 2018 asking the European Commission to present a proposal for a common European Union framework… Read More
This Training Manual is part of the International Organization for Migration’s (IOM) efforts to strengthen law enforcement response to gender-based violence and trafficking in persons in Borno and Adamawa states of Nigeria, with focus on the Nigeria Police Force (NPF) and Nigeria Security and Civil… Read More
Under the framework of the technical working group on Engaging the Security Sector on Gender-based Violence (GBV), the International Organization for Migration (IOM) is implementing a project on strengthening response mechanisms and accountability to GBV and trafficking in persons (TIP) in North-… Read More
What makes migrants vulnerable to human trafficking and associated forms of exploitation and abuse? A new study, undertaken by Minderoo Foundation’s Walk Free initiative and IOM, examines the connection between migration and modern slavery, and focuses on which migrants are most vulnerable, and in… Read More
Migration in Kenya: A Country Profile 2018 is a follow-up on the 2015 edition. It provides an overview of Kenya’s migration trends and data, as well as the country’s legal framework and governance structures pertaining to migration. The report also describes the impact of migration on the country’s… Read More
This Migration Profile is the result of a two-year project (2016–2018) implemented by the International Organization for Migration at the request of and in partnership with Maldives Immigration, under the purview of the Ministry of Economic Development. It brings together all available relevant… Read More
This project evaluation report reviews tools and activities piloted to build the capacity of foster carers to look after Albanian, Vietnamese and other unaccompanied asylum-seeking children in the United Kingdom who are identified – or potential – victims of human trafficking and modern slavery.… Read More
The Study "Trafficked Persons as Asylum-Seekers - The Process of Identification and Access to Residence Rights in Austria" deals on the one hand with the identification of trafficked persons who seek asylum in Austria. In this regard, the study focuses on the role of state institutions. On the… Read More
The crime of human trafficking is complex and dynamic, taking place in a wide variety of contexts and frequently difficult to detect. One of the greatest challenges in developing targeted counter-trafficking responses and measuring their impact is the lack of reliable, high-quality data.… Read More
This Data Bulletin focuses on Migration Profiles – an output of an elaborate process involving consultation with migration data stakeholders in a country or region. The process aims to identify data gaps and strategies to address those, and produce the evidence required to inform policy on all… Read More
This guidebook – titled Investigating Human Trafficking Cases Using a Victim-centred Approach: A Trainer’s Manual on Combating Trafficking in Persons for Capacity-building of Law Enforcers in Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago – was carefully designed by the staff of the… Read More
This Migration Profile is a repository of migration information and covers, among other areas, the institutional, policy and legal framework of migration in Zimbabwe; immigration and emigration trends in the country; irregular migration and circular migration; remittances and their development… Read More
The recent Migration Profile for Jamaica shows that emigration continues to be greatly in excess of immigration. The overall trend of decreasing numbers of permanent emigrants to the three traditional and still major destinations –United States, United Kingdom and Canada – continued, but numbers… Read More