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This chapter examines the challenges that migrants face while travelling within West and Central Africa on those routes intersecting with the Central Mediterranean Routes to Europe, and the risk factors that make them vulnerable. The findings show that the most frequently reported challenges were… Read More

An effective migration governance legal framework entails the existence of national laws and policies that are consistent with the constitution and on the basis of rights and obligations established by international treaties and conventions related to migration. This is particularly crucial for… Read More

An integrated approach to economic reintegration of returning migrants requires identifying appropriate individual business and/or other livelihood opportunities that match their skills, experiences, backgrounds and aspirations.

Sustainable economic reintegration of irregular migrants returning from the European Union countries to Bangladesh is a challenge due to the diversity of the economic and social backgrounds of the returnees. To address this challenge, the project Bangladesh: Sustainable Reintegration and Improved… Read More

Nepal is prone to a multitude of disasters that cause loss of lives, property and infrastructure. Likewise, Kathmandu is located in a high earthquake risk zone. The concept of open-spaces identification for disaster preparedness in Nepal started initially in 2009 following the Koshi floods response… Read More

International Migration has been a main pillar of national and household economy in Nepal, which is severely affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic. Many current migrants experienced job losses, laid off, and were on unpaid leave. Those who are still at work have faced a reduction in work hours or pay… Read More

The local integration process does not end with the offering of land to former refugees but is just one of the first steps towards building a cohesive community. Social cohesion is critical to the quality of life of both the local community and former refugees. The Government of the Republic of… Read More

With the objective of strengthening the mechanisms for assisting its nationals in countries experiencing disasters, the Government of Bangladesh initiated the preparation of the Bangladesh Migration Crisis Operational Framework. This initiative is being implemented by IOM and is funded by the… Read More

This report brings together best practices of diasporas responding to the COVID-19 crisis in the African, American, Asian, and European regions.  

Ce rapport donne un aperçu global des flux migratoires au Niger entre 2016 et 2019, une période au cours de laquelle les flux ont évolué de manière significative. Elle explique comment différents événements et diverses évolutions ont affecté les mouvements migratoires dans le pays, et s’efforce à… Read More

This report provides an overview of migration flows in the Niger between 2016 and 2019, a period during which flows changed significantly. It explains how different events and developments have affected migration patterns in the country, and seeks to present a broad picture of migration from, to… Read More

For countries like Bangladesh whose economies are tied to international labour migration, the nexus between remittances, asset-building and gender is of great relevance to economic development. This report finds that a focus on migrants’ job skills and their families’ assets back home offers… Read More

Questa ricerca, svolta dall’Università di Parma per l’OIM Italia, indaga sulla categoria delle imprese multiculturali, che, nonostante sia in espansione, non è ancora sufficientemente esplorata nel panorama italiano. Le imprese multiculturali sono caratterizzate da un management o uno staff… Read More

This research, carried out by the University of Parma for IOM Italy, sheds light on the category of multicultural enterprises, which, despite being a spreading phenomenon, still seems to be a neglected topic in the Italian landscape. Such companies feature a culturally mixed management or staff and… Read More

This Migration Governance Indicators (MGI) profile presents a summary of well-developed areas of migration governance in Iraq as well as areas with potential for further development, as assessed through the MGI. The MGI is a standard set of approximately 90 indicators to assist countries in… Read More

This Migration Governance Indicators (MGI) profile presents a summary of well-developed areas of migration governance in Costa Rica as well as areas with potential for further development, as assessed through the MGI. The MGI is a standard set of approximately 90 indicators to assist countries in… Read More

Trade, migration and cross-border human mobility are inherently interconnected; without people, goods and services would be unable to cross borders and contribute to formal economic development. Cross-border traders, due to their frequent crossing of international borders, are mobile populations… Read More

The Africa Migration Report takes a distinctly regional approach to inform knowledge on migration in Africa. This first edition, titled Challenging the Narrative, aims to deconstruct negative perceptions of migration in Africa by addressing contextual realities and bringing to light practical… Read More

IOM Ireland carried out a rapid policy survey in May 2020 in partnership with Ireland’s Department of Justice and Equality, with the objective of gaining a comprehensive view of policy measures taken by Ireland in response to the COVID-19 pandemic from a migration governance lens. This report… Read More

The Rwandan diaspora mapping report in the United Kingdom aimed to ascertain and transmit a profile that outlines the number, gender composition, geographical distribution and professional skills, training and expertise of the Rwandans living in the United Kingdom. 

The Rwandan diaspora mapping report in the Netherlands aims to ascertain and transmit a profile that outlines the number, gender composition, geographic distribution, and professional skills, training and expertise of Rwandans living in the country. 

The Rwandan diaspora mapping report in Germany aimed to ascertain and transmit a profile that outlines the number, gender composition, geographic distribution and professional skills, training and expertise of the Rwandans living in Germany. 

The Rwandan diaspora mapping report in Belgium aims to ascertain and transmit a profile that outlines the number, gender composition, geographic distribution, and professional skills, training and expertise of Rwandans living in the country. 

Realizing the importance of its diaspora in economic development, the Government of Rwanda would like to identify the conditions and factors that are necessary to engage the diaspora in the development of their country of origin. The Government believes that there is a real need for a well-… Read More

This document is an abridged version of the longer report titled Mapping and Mobilizing the Rwandan Diaspora in Europe for Development in Rwanda: Comparative Report.

Esta publicación brinda a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y los organismos reguladores orientación práctica e ideas para mejorar la regulación y la supervisión de la contratación internacional y la protección de los trabajadores migrantes.

This study examines the potential of social innovation to support migrant inclusion. It starts by exploring promising practices implemented in a number of cities across the European Union to address the growing integration needs of newcomers, drawing on interviews with representatives of… Read More

There is increasing policy interest in the European Union to better plan and prepare for future migration flows. This is reflected in the growing number of reports that use expert knowledge to anticipate migration trends and develop migration scenarios. In this report, the IOM’s Global Migration… Read More

This study delves into the prevalence of the trafficking phenomenon in Ghana, its characteristics and the associated push and pull factors. The study aims to build a baseline for evidence‐based prevention and protection action plans. It characterizes the phenomenon qualitatively and quantitatively… Read More

Этот документ является источником практических указаний и идей для директивных и регулирующих органов относительно повышения эффективности регулирования и контроля международного найма и защиты прав трудящихся-мигрантов. Он охватывает широкий круг тем, включая следующие: (a) сборы за… Read More

Ce profil de gouvernance de la migration présente un résumé des points forts des structures de gouvernance des migrations du Canada, ainsi que les aspects qui pourraient être renforcés, en fonction des évaluations des Indicateurs de gouvernance des migrations (IGM).

This Migration Governance Indicators (MGI) profile presents a summary of well-developed areas of migration governance in Canada as well as areas with potential for further development, as assessed through the MGI. The MGI is a standard set of approximately 90 indicators to assist countries in… Read More

NIDO Europe is the European arm of a global Nigerian diaspora network, and acts as an umbrella organization of different country chapters. As the Belgium and Luxembourg chapter, we mainly aim at harnessing professional talents among the Nigerian community in the diaspora and facilitating the… Read More

The Association Malienne des Expulsés (AME) was created in 1996 by Malian migrants who were forcibly returned from different countries, including France, Uganda, Saudi Arabia and Liberia. Since then, we have been working on return and expulsion, focusing on migrants’ rights and humanitarian… Read More

PICUM is a network of 160 organizations working directly with undocumented migrants, mostly in Europe, but also in other countries, such as Morocco. We also conduct advocacy activities towards the European Union and the United Nations. We focus on a range of challenges experienced by undocumented… Read More

Migration is old, but its governance is relatively recent. The building of independent States in North and West Africa, the construction of national identities, the extension of States’ control over the lives of individuals and the provision of services to the population soon raised the issue of… Read More

The relationship between migration and development is complex. While rich regions tend to attract immigrants, the poorest regions are not those with the highest emigration. Indeed, individuals need to own a certain degree of resources to finance international migration and a certain level of… Read More

Risk-taking is inherent to migration. Leaving one’s home has inevitably something of venturing into unknown territory. The home one leaves can be inhospitable, yet it is a familiar place. A host country can seem a heaven from afar, yet a newcomer with no full citizenship rights may find it a hard… Read More

West and North Africa comprise in total 10.4 million immigrants and 21.8 million emigrants, representing respectively 1.6 per cent and 3.4 per cent of their 633.2 million inhabitants in 2019, according to United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs estimates. This overall level of… Read More

In just a few months, the COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed the global migration and mobility landscape, and added a layer of complexity to migration in West and North Africa and across the Mediterranean. This rapidly spreading health crisis (Figure 1) has led to the implementation of… Read More

In the years 2014–2016, when arrivals of undocumented migrants and refugees arriving by sea to Europe surged to unprecedented numbers, a map of the north-west quarter of Africa made an appearance in European media. The map showed several lines,or arrows, spanning the Gulf of Guinea to the… Read More

This chapter explores a range of factors shaping attitudes towards immigrants in 18 countries in West and North Africa based on results from the Gallup World Poll survey. In particular, it looks at the relationship between public opinion on immigration and (a) individuals’ perceptions of their… Read More

This chapter discusses the diffusion of external voting in North and West Africa since the early 1990s, and diaspora participation in elections in countries of origin. It starts by examining the idea that the spread of external voting is attributable solely to the emergence of diaspora policies and… Read More

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and its Member States are increasingly adopting policies and measures aiming at maximizing possible benefits of migration for development. This chapter analyses how ECOWAS Member States engage with their diasporas. It draws on an analysis of… Read More

This chapter explores the initial impacts of the microbusiness management training offered by IOM to migrants in transit back to their countries through the Niger. Due to the increased number of migrants expelled from Algeria to the Niger since 2018, there has been a significant increase in the… Read More

This chapter investigates the role of climate and environmental factors in driving migration in countries on the Central Mediterranean Route. It uses a literature review to frame the complexity of these linkages, including how climate influences conflict and how conflict drives migration. Land… Read More

This chapter provides an overview of health data among migrants on the Central Mediterranean Route, using a case-based approach. It outlines how data are currently collected and what are the strengths and weaknesses of these health information systems. Examples from Libya, Italy, Germany, the… Read More

This chapter describes the migration journey of Ivorian female returnees assisted by IOM, from the time they start preparing for the trip until their return to Côte d’Ivoire. It draws on a participatory study conducted in 2018 and 2019 in Côte d´Ivoire, during which a mixed qualitative and… Read More

 The protection abuses and human rights violations faced by refugees and migrants along the journey to Libya and within the country are well documented by NGOs, human rights organizations and news outlets. Yet, little is understood about why certain people on the move are exposed to protection… Read More

This chapter provides an overview of the main vulnerabilities and risks faced by migrants assisted in the IOM transit centres in the Niger en route back to their countries of origin, and of changes to such risks observed over the past three years. These are also presented through migrants’ personal… Read More