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A Region on the Move report series for the East and Horn of Africa has been the regional flagship publication since 2017. The report series provides an advanced understanding of the main migrant groups and the environment in which mobility takes place, with a focus on internal displacement and… Read More

There is a growing understanding that conflict and displacement increases vulnerability to forms of slavery-related abuse, including forced labour, forced recruitment into armed groups and armed forces, forced marriage and human trafficking. In recent years, this issue has received increased… Read More

A Region on the Move report series for the East and Horn of Africa has been the regional flagship publication since 2017. Over the years, the report series have illustrated the main humanitarian situations, with a focus on internal displacement and mixed migration flows along the major migration… Read More

Informal cross-border trade (CBT) is significant in Southern Africa, accounting for between 30 and 40 per cent of total intra-Southern African Development Community trade, with an estimated value of USD 17.6 billion. Women make up approximately 70 per cent of informal traders, face gender-specific… Read More

This report highlights the methodologies, results and lessons learned from the project Enhancing Natural Disaster Preparedness and Response Capacity in at-Risk Communities in Burundi, funded by the IOM Development Fund and implemented by IOM Burundi between September 2019 and August 2021.

Les contextes conflictuels et les menaces sécuritaires d’aujourd’hui posent aux États de nouveaux défis en matière de gestion, de résolution  et  de  relèvement  des  conflits,  tout  en  répondant  au  besoin  de  responsabilité  et  de  justice  et  en  maintenant  le  respect  des  engagements  … Read More

Este informe resume las principales conclusiones del proyecto de investigación cualitativa realizado entre abril de 2019 y marzo de 2021 por el Proyecto Migrantes Desaparecidos de la OIM sobre los desafíos y las experiencias de las familias de personas migrantes desaparecidas en Etiopía, el Reino… Read More

This report presents a review of the existing literature on customary law and practices, attitudes and beliefs (social norms) and other factors that create barriers to women’s access to and control over land and property in South Sudan. It also presents existing efforts to improve women’s property… Read More

This qualitative gender and gender-based violence (GBV) research was conducted in border communities in Jur River and Tonj South affected by high-levels of protracted and seasonal cattle-related conflict. The research aim was to identify gender norms that are supportive of women’s rights and… Read More

This report synthesizes the main findings of qualitative research conducted between April 2019 and March 2021 by IOM’s Missing Migrants Project about the challenges and experiences of families of missing migrants in Ethiopia, the United Kingdom, Spain and Zimbabwe. Across the four countries, 76… Read More

Today’s conflict settings and security threats present novel challenges for States in managing, resolving and recovering from conflict while responding to the need for accountability and justice and maintaining adherence to human rights commitments and due process. In the context of armed conflict… Read More

This research report contributes to the body of knowledge on the experiences of families of missing migrants in Zimbabwe as they search for their relatives and deal with the impacts of the loss. The disappearance of a migrant relative has deep impacts on the emotional, economic, social and legal… Read More

This summary brief in Swahili accompanies the English-language publication Assessing the Evidence: Migration, Environment and Climate Change in the United Republic of Tanzania and is intended for use by policymakers and practitioners.

The publication Assessing the Evidence: Migration, Environment and Climate Change in the United Republic of Tanzania attempts to comprehensively address climate change impacts in the United Republic of Tanzania, current mobility patterns and trends, and the possible linkages between them. The… Read More

Le présent chapitre se penche sur la difficulté d’estimer l’ampleur et la répartition des risques en matière de protection en Libye, en analysant un ensemble de données établi à partir de 5 659 entretiens menés auprès de réfugiés et de migrants ayant gagné la Libye au départ de pays d’Afrique de l’… Read More

Le présent chapitre traite des risques que courent les migrants lorsqu'ils traversent le Sahara. Alors que les sources de données sur les expériences vécues par les migrants dans le Sahara sont rares, cette analyse s'appuie sur des données provenant de l'OIM et du Mixed Migration Centre. Il ressort… Read More

Le présent chapitre étudie l’utilisation des mégadonnées pour évaluer les « facteurs de répulsion » mensuels des migrations liées à l’asile à l’échelle nationale. Il s’intéresse en outre à la question de savoir s’il existe une corrélation entre, d’une part, les estimations de ces facteurs dans les… Read More

This report explores the challenges and needs of Ethiopian families who have relatives who went missing or died in the context of international migration, against the backdrop of the legal, policy and institutional frameworks applicable to issues of missing migrants in Ethiopia.

The Africa Migration Report takes a distinctly regional approach to inform knowledge on migration in Africa. This first edition, titled Challenging the Narrative, aims to deconstruct negative perceptions of migration in Africa by addressing contextual realities and bringing to light practical… Read More

 The protection abuses and human rights violations faced by refugees and migrants along the journey to Libya and within the country are well documented by NGOs, human rights organizations and news outlets. Yet, little is understood about why certain people on the move are exposed to protection… Read More

This chapter explores the use of big data to estimate monthly country-level “push factors” of asylum-related migration. It also looks at whether estimates of push factors in countries of origin correlate with traditional data on irregular migration on the CentralMediterranean Route and asylum… Read More

This chapter explores the risks that migrants face when crossing the Sahara Desert. While data sources on the experiences of migrants in the Sahara are scarce, this analysis relies on data from IOM and the Mixed Migration Centre. The chapter finds that trans-Saharan migration poses risks, both… Read More

This edited volume provides comprehensive evidence on migration from and within West and North Africa and across the Mediterranean. It highlights migrants’ agency and contribution to transnational development, as well as the inequalities that shape migration and the risks that migrants are exposed… Read More

This is the first Cluster-wide study in South Sudan which examines the gender gap in women’s participation in the WASH sector at leadership, technical and community levels and identifies how to create better conditions for equitable participation to occur. The paper identifies barriers and good… Read More

Gender-based violence (GBV) is pervasive throughout South Sudan. The renewed fighting in 2016 has only worsened the deep suffering and humanitarian needs of civilians, with conflict seriously exacerbating gendered violence. GBV has devastating impacts, resulting in long-term physical, psychological… Read More

Trafficking in human beings (THB) and smuggling of migrants (SoM), two distinct but often interrelated phenomena, occur on a global scale. Searching for a way out of economic inequalities, environmental crises, armed conflict, political instability and persecution, and in view of tightening border… Read More

A handful or studies in Somaliland have examined the prevalence and incidence of HIV among vulnerable women and their clients in Somaliland; however, the lack of clear population size estimates impedes the ability of stakeholders to undertake evidence-based planning. To ensure evidence-based… Read More

A small number of studies in Somalia have examined the prevalence and incidence of HIV among female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients in Somalia; however, the lack of clear population size estimates impedes the ability of stakeholders to undertake evidence-based planning. To ensure evidence-… Read More

HIV prevalence in Hargeisa, Somaliland is approximately 1 per cent according to recent antenatal care surveillance published by the World Health Organization. However, data among key populations at higher risk of HIV is minimal, with only one serosurvey ever undertaken in Hargeisa, with vulnerable… Read More

Following two successful rounds of integrated biological and behavioural surveillance (IBBS) surveys in 2008 and 2014 in Somaliland, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) undertook a third survey in 2017. In collaboration with the AIDS Commission, Ministries of Health and UNICEF, IOM… Read More

This report presents the findings of the household survey and qualitative interviews conducted in the framework of the European Union–funded Migration, Environment and Climate Change: Evidence for Policy (MECLEP) project. The study investigates to what extent migration can be seen an adaptation… Read More

In the framework of the European Union–funded Migration, Environment and Climate Change: Evidence for Policy (MECLEP) project, this national assessment focuses on the Republic of Mauritius. The World Risk Report (UNU, 2015) ranks the Republic of Mauritius seventh among the 15 most exposed country… Read More

In the framework of the European Union–funded Migration, Environment and Climate Change: Evidence for Policy (MECLEP) project, the Republic of Kenya (hereafter Kenya) is one of the six pilot countries. The country was selected as it is prone to extreme events. In fact, since 1964, a total of 58.66… Read More

In response to the decade long migration crisis in Zimbabwe, IOM – with support from various donors – has been implementing a comprehensive humanitarian assistance programme for internally displaced persons in new cases of internal displacement, returned migrants and third-country nationals, as… Read More

Cette étude commissionnée par l’OIM – la première en son genre par sa couverture géographique et transversale de la thématique – réalisée entre mars et juillet 2015 à Madagascar, au Liban, et au Koweït, apporte des informations précises et claires sur le cadre juridique et institutionnel national… Read More

Trafficking in persons constitutes a grave crime against the individual. The absence of comprehensive data presents a major issue, including in African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries. Many cases go unreported as victims are too afraid to testify, cannot escape exploitation, are expelled… Read More

Trafficking in persons constitutes a grave crime against the individual. The absence of comprehensive data presents a major issue, including in African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries. Many cases go unreported as victims are too afraid to testify, cannot escape exploitation, are expelled… Read More

Trafficking in persons constitutes a grave crime against the individual. The absence of comprehensive data presents a major issue, including in African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries. Many cases go unreported as victims are too afraid to testify, cannot escape exploitation, are expelled… Read More

Despite the common perception of irregular migration as a challenge affecting primarily developed countries, irregular flows also constitute an important aspect of the South-South migration context and present a series of specificities often overlooked.

Despite the common perception of irregular migration as a challenge affecting primarily developed countries, irregular flows also constitute an important aspect of the South-South migration context and present a series of specificities often overlooked.

The ACP Observatory on Migration has compiled in this thematic report thirteen background notes looking at innovative aspects of South–South migration. Based upon research carried out during three years, these documents analyse emerging aspects of migration in ACP countries. Four major approaches… Read More

Through an analysis of the existing literature and national policies, interviews with key informants, and a survey of target mobile populations identified as potentially vulnerable, the study revealed the following:

This report documents three trafficking trends in the region, and looks at the health risks that trafficked women encounter in each one. In all three trends women are vulnerable to sexual, reproductive and mental health-related problems. At present, organizations that aim to counter human… Read More

This report accounts the efforts by Somali women to rebuild confidence and create networks across Somalia. The report is a compilation of documents presented at the Seminar entitled Conflict Resolution: Confidence-building and Peace Enhancement Among Somali Women, held in Hargeisa, Somaliland,in… Read More

This report highlights a poorly documented phenomenon: the scope and nature of irregular migration and human smuggling of men from East Africa and the Horn towards South Africa. It addresses the issues of protection, human rights abuses, corruption, complicity of public officials, as well as the… Read More

Alleged cases of forced labour of smuggled migrants from Ethiopia, specifically those working on qat farms inYemen, gave rise to this pilot study. Titled Ethiopian Migrant Labourers on Qat Farms in Rada’, Yemen, this research investigates the situation of Ethiopian migrant labourers working on qat… Read More

This summary report of an expert meeting between IOM and the OECD Development Centre, organized in April 2014, aims to promote greater dialogue with and raise awareness among key researchers. While the report is not exhaustive, it can serve as a useful point of departure for identifying and… Read More