This study on the relationship between migration and climate change was carried out within the framework of the project “Migration–climate change in indigenous communities in a situation of vulnerability”. The study seeks to contribute to the development of public policies on the basis of a thematic understanding of the migration–climate change relationship, by identifying and characterizing the structural and contingent factors that arise from migratory processes and unplanned human displacements related to the effects of climate change, disasters and/or emergencies. It also aims to identify the strategic lines that form the basis for the development of resilient capacities of local actors (indigenous, rural and municipal communities) that allow for the prevention, preparation, prosecution and confrontation of migratory processes concerning population groups in a state of vulnerability and considering the economic and sociocultural patterns through risk management.