Original Language
English
Number of Pages
132
Reference Number
ENG0593
Year of Publication
2018
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Voluntary Return and Reintegration: Community-Based Approaches

This research assesses the main challenges and opportunities of implementing the IOM assisted voluntary return and reintegration (AVRR) projects in Morocco using the community-based approach.

The first part of the study analyses the different types of AVRR projects that have been implemented during the last 30 years and identifies the main needs and challenges of the present approach.

The main focus of this research is on how the community-based approach could provide solutions to some of the challenges of the AVRR programmes. A comparative analysis of community-based reintegration projects already implemented allows to identify different types of approach and to elaborate recommendations on how to apply them to AVRR.

The report finally proposes an evaluation of the possibility of implementing community-based AVRR initiatives in the main countries of origin of the beneficiaries of the AVRR programme from Morocco.

  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • ALTAI CONSULTING
  • ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
  • SUMMARY
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1. Presentation of the project “Addressing the Needs of Stranded and Vulnerable Migrants”
  • 1.2. Research approach and objectives 
  • 1.3. Structure of the report
  • 2. METHODOLOGY
  • 2.1. Research stages
  • 2.2. Data collection
    • 2.2.1. Documentary study
    • 2.2.2. Interviews with key informants
    • 2.2.3. Return and reintegration conditions in the main country of return back from Morocco: Guinea
    • 2.2.4. Case study: The community-based approach in Sri Lanka
    • 2.2.5. Case study: The community-based approach in Tunisia 
  • 2.3. Challenges and limitations
    • 2.3.1. Challenges
    • 2.3.2. Limitations
  • 3. BACKGROUND AND DEFINITIONS
  • 3.1. Background on assisted voluntary return and reintegration
  • 3.2. Background on migrations in Morocco
  • 3.3. Definitions
  • 3.4. Mapping of community-based approach initiatives
  • 4. ASSISTED VOLUNTARY RETURN AND REINTEGRATION: NEEDS OF RETURNEES AND CHALLENGES OF THE CURRENT MODEL
  • 4.1. Migrants’ needs in terms of assisted voluntary return and reintegration
    • 4.1.1. Information and support
    • 4.1.2. Economic reintegration
    • 4.1.3. Social reintegration and psychological well-being
  • 4.2. Current challenges of the individualized assistance model
    • 4.2.1. Funding of reintegration components
    • 4.2.2. Preparation of individual projects
    • 4.2.3. Implementation and monitoring of individual projects
    • 4.2.4. Return and reintegration sustainability
    • 4.2.5. Support for specific cases
  • 5. ASSISTED VOLUNTARY RETURN AND REINTEGRATION COMMUNITY-BASED APPROACHES: UTILITY, INHERENT CONSTRAINTS AND REQUIRED CONDITIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION
  • 5.1. Solutions provided by the community-based approach
    • 5.1.1. Social reintegration of returnees and minimization of the risk of tensions with the community
    • 5.1.2. Return sustanability and prevention of irregular migration 
    • 5.1.3. Obtaining and optimizing funds 
  • 5.2. Conditions required for the implementation of community-based projects
    • 5.2.2. Operational conditions
  • 5.3. Possible constraints and limitations of the community-based approach
    • 5.3.1. Assistance personalization
    • 5.3.2. Management of human relations within the group
    • 5.3.3. Selection of beneficiaries
    • 5.3.4. Constraints similar to those of the individual assisted voluntary return and reintegration
  • 6. IMPLEMENTATION OF ASSISTED VOLUNTARY RETURN AND REINTEGRATION COMMUNITY-BASED PROJECTS: TYPES OF POSSIBLE PROJECTS AND BEST PRACTICES
  • 6.1. Types of possible projects
    • 6.1.1. Initiatives initially based on the needs of returnees
    • 6.1.2. Initiatives initially based on the needs of the community
    • 6.1.3. Initiatives integrating the returnee(s) into an existing project
    • 6.1.4. Combined assisted voluntary return and reintegration approaches
  • 6.2. Best practices
    • 6.2.1. Best practices relating to the design of the projec0074
    • 6.2.2. Best practices relating to the selection of beneficiaries
    • 6.2.3. Best practices relating to the management of the project
    • 6.2.4. Best practices relating to the monitoring of the project
    • 6.2.5. Best organizational practices for IOM
    • 6.2.6. Best practices in terms of dissemination of information, awareness-raising and communication
  • 7. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • 7.1. Main findings
  • 7.2. Conclusion for Morocco and the main countries of origin of migrants in the country
  • 7.3. Recommendations
    • 7.3.1. General recommendations for IOM
    • 7.3.2. Recommendations for IOM relating to the assisted voluntary return and reintegration project (irrespective of the type
    • 7.3.3. Recommendations for IOM relating to the implementation of community-based assisted voluntary research and reintegration projects
    • 7.3.4. Recommendations for donors
  • 8. ANNEXES
  • 8.1. Sources
  • 8.2. List of identified community-based approach initiatives