West and North Africa comprise in total 10.4 million immigrants and 21.8 million emigrants, representing respectively 1.6 per cent and 3.4 per cent of their 633.2 million inhabitants in 2019, according to United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs estimates. This overall level of international migration is relatively low (inward) or moderate (outward) compared with a world ratio of migrants to population estimated at 3.5 per cent. Being an average, however, it hides important variations between the two regions and between countries within each region.