Internal migration, between mainland Mauritius and the island of Rodrigues, is a common phenomenon that involves both temporary and permanent relocation. Internal migrants may be subjected to cultural, economic and social transitions despite remaining within the same national jurisdiction, given the distinct regional identities and contexts of Rodrigues and Mauritius. It is against this background that IOM supported a study to explore the main factors behind this movement, the challenges faced by migrants and how these can be addressed. The research employed a mixed methods approach with the use of surveys, interviews and focus group discussions to gather data from 80 migrants and consultations with 26 government and non-governmental stakeholders. 

The findings reveal diverse migration drivers, with Rodriguan migrants moving primarily for employment opportunities; access to services like health care and education; environmental factors; and personal aspirations, such as independence. Returnees often cite family ties, challenges in Mauritius and the urge to contribute newly acquired skills as reasons for returning back to the island of Rodrigues. A unique trend of gendered and circular migration was also observed among Rodriguan women entrepreneurs who explore broader markets, stronger diaspora connections and access to private health care. 

Several policy recommendations under four thematic areas were made to enhance support for inter-island migrants including the following: (1) empowering migrants, (2) ensuring safe and affordable housing, (3) integrating mobility into employment and training systems, and (4) strengthening institutional capacity through better coordination, training and data collection. Implementation of these recommendations is expected to create a supportive ecosystem for safe and dignified migration between Rodrigues and Mauritius. Overall, this report has created an evidence base and provides actionable insights to the Government of Mauritius, including the Rodrigues Regional Assembly, on means to improve migrant support and addressing internal migration challenges in an effective and holistic manner.